The Science of Effective Revision — Why “Cramming” Doesn’t Work

Introduction

Exam season always feels like a race against time. Many students fall into the trap of late-night cramming sessions, hoping that one intense burst of revision will carry them through. The reality? Science shows us that this approach is far less effective than steady, structured revision.

At AG Tutoring, we’ve seen first-hand how the right techniques can transform grades — and confidence. Here’s what the research says, and how students can put it into practice.

1. Spaced Repetition: Little and Often

Instead of trying to memorise everything in one go, break revision into smaller, regular sessions. Revisiting a topic multiple times across days or weeks strengthens memory far more effectively.

How to apply it:

• Create a revision timetable that revisits topics every few days.

• Use flashcards or apps like Anki to prompt spaced recall.

2. Active Recall: Test, Don’t Just Read

Simply rereading notes feels productive but doesn’t guarantee retention. Active recall — testing yourself without looking at the material — forces your brain to work harder, deepening memory.

How to apply it:

• After reading a page of notes, cover it up and write down everything you remember.

• Try past paper questions or create quizzes with friends.

3. Interleaving: Mix It Up

It’s tempting to revise one subject for hours at a time. But mixing different topics keeps the brain alert and improves problem-solving skills.

How to apply it:

• Spend 20–30 minutes on one subject, then switch to another.

• Rotate between sciences, humanities, and maths in a single session.

4. Rest and Sleep: The Secret Weapon

Revision is only half the battle. Consolidation — turning short-term knowledge into long-term memory — happens during sleep.

How to apply it:

• Prioritise 7–8 hours of sleep during exam season.

• Take short breaks every 45–60 minutes to recharge.

Conclusion

Effective revision isn’t about the hours you put in — it’s about how you use them. By adopting proven strategies like spaced repetition, active recall, and interleaving, students can not only retain more knowledge but also feel calmer and more prepared for exams.

At AG Tutoring, our tutors coach students through these techniques alongside subject-specific support, helping them study smarter, not harder.